Kazakhstan Lost 40,000 Scientists Since USSR Collapse, Minister Says

Kazakhstan lost a significant portion of its scientists after the collapse of the USSR, with many transitioning to roles in government and banking, according to Minister of Science and Higher Education Sayasat Nurbek. In 1990, the country had 52,000 scientific and technical workers; by 2000, only 12,000 remained. The minister cited this decline as a primary reason for the current weakness of science in Kazakhstan.

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